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Ground squirrels are a keystone species. I know what you are thinking: “That means Gunn High School is the epicenter of the ecological universe.” Or maybe “How is it that mounds of dried grass studded with ankle-twisting holes are a paragon of ecological virtue?”

A curious ground squirrel peers up at the photographer.

I had those same questions after I came across the claim. It made me wonder who determines which species are “keystone”, how the determination is made, and whether, perhaps, we aren’t being picky enough. It turns out there have been attempts to quantify the keystone-ness of a species (1), and there is indeed some concern that the concept has been too broadly applied. But I also overlooked some of the ecological value that ground squirrels create. […]

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